
Bolivia holds some of the world's largest lithium reserves, concentrated in the Uyuni and Coipasa salt flats. The government has prioritized state-led development and partnerships with foreign firms. Indigenous communities and local residents worry about water depletion, land displacement, and unequal benefits. Water-intensive extraction in arid regions poses severe risks for livelihoods and ecosystems.
Major lithium deposits: Salar de Uyuni, Salar de Coipasa, Pastos Grandes.